****************************************************************************************************************
$BBh(B 129 $B2s(B $BBg5$3$MN7wJ*M}7O%;%_%J!<(B $B$N$*$7$i$;(B
$BF|!!;~!'(B 11$B7n(B 27$BF|(B($BLZ(B) $B8aA0(B 9:30
$B>l!!=j!'(B$BDc292J3X8&5f=j(B $B?7Eo(B 3$B3,(B $B9VF2(B
$BH/I=
$BBj!!L\!'(BThe mass balance of Arctic sea ice cover
$BH/I=
****************************************************************************************************************
The mass balance of Arctic sea ice cover (Shutilin Sergey V. ) $BH/I=MW;](B :
Goal. Investigate mass balance of Arctic sea ice cover during period 1948-2001 years. Method. Analyses of the mass balance simulation experiment. Comparison results of the simulation and the observation data. Estimation differences of sea ice mass balance component depend on changing the periods of cyclonic and anti cyclonic atmospheric activity in the Arctic. Instruments. Sea ice climatic model forced by NCAR/NCEP and climatic data. Sea ice cover play an important role in the climate variability because it change energy and impulse exchange between ocean and atmosphere in the high latitudes. Data about ice cover extend are available from the satellite data, but the large scale changing in the ice thickness distribution may be investigated by model simulation only. Climatic sea ice model was used for investigation of the mass balance variability of Arctic ice cover. The characteristics of the mass balance of sea ice cover have natural variability connected to the changing of periods of Arctic oscillations. The picture of spatial distributions of these characteristics and thickness and compactness of ice cover changes from period to period, but more sensible modifications happened during 90s years, which resulted in the essential thinning of sea ice, especially in the Canadian and Siberian regions. During summer time these changing were stronger. The sharp decreasing of hummocks volume and area derived from the changing of atmospheric circulation are responsible for the most part of average ice thickness changing during 90s. Results of the model simulations were used for analyses the contribution of different processes to the ice forming and long term variability of Arctic ice cover. The influence of vertical and lateral melting, drift pattern, hummocks shape and other processes and factors on simulation results were investigated.
$BEl%"%8%"$NE_$NE78uJQF0$K1F6A$9$k(B2$B$D$NMW0x(B ($BEOIt(B $B2m9@(B) $BH/I=MW;](B :
$B:#G/8eH>$h$j(B, $B5$>]D#$,(B3$B%u7nM=Js$KB3$-CH(B/$B4(8u4|M=Js$b(B, $B$=$l$^$G$NE}7WM=Js$+$i?tCM%b%G%k$rMQ$$$?NO3XM=Js$KJQ99$7$?(B $B$3$H$O5-21$K?7$7$$(B. $B$3$l$K4XO"$7$F(B, $B%"%8%"3F9q$N8=6HM=Js(B $B5!4X$N4V$GM=Js%7%9%F%`$*$h$S:#G/$N5(@aM=Js$K4X$9$k2q5D$,(B, $B:#7n(B, $B5$>]D#$K$*$$$F3+$+$l$?(B. $B8&5f%5%$%I$+$i$N:G6a$N(B ($BFC$KD94|M=Js$N@:EY8~>e$K9W8%$G$-$=$&$J(B)$B@.2LJs9p$H$$$&(B $B$3$H$G(B, $B$3$N2q5D$K9qFb$+$i?t?M$N8&5fR2p$9$k(B.
-----
$BO"Mm@h(B