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$BEl@>0lMM4pK\>l$K1w$1$k47@-IT0BDj%b!<%I$N(B Lamb $B%Q%i%a!<%?0MB8@-(B(2) ($BC+8}(B $BGn(B) $BH/I=MW;](B :

  
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 (Hitchman et al.,1987; Hayashi et al.,1998, Smith and Riese(1999)).  
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 $BEy$,$"$k(B($B$$$:$l$bEl@>0lMM4pK\>l(B).   
  
 $B$7$+$7(B, Dunkerton(1983)$B$,;XE&$7$?El@>Hs0lMM>qMp$r$=$b$=$b47@-IT0BDj>q(B 
 $BMp$H8+$J$7$FNI$$$+$O(B, $BL@$i$+$G$O$J$$(B. $B$^$?(B, $BEl@>0lMM>qMp$NIT0BDj>r7o(B 
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 $B==J,>r7o$G$O$J$$$3$H$,L@$i$+$K$J$C$?(B.  
    
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mail-to:momoko@ees.hokudai.ac.jp / Tel: 011-706-2359